The Scientific Revolution Essay - 1129 Words

During the Scientific Revolution scientists such as Galileo, Copernicus, Descartes and Bacon wrestled with questions about God, human aptitude, and the possibilities of understanding the world. Eventually, the implications of the new scientific findings began to affect the way people thought and behaved throughout Europe. Society began to question the authority of traditional knowledge about the universe. This in turn, allowed them to question traditional views of the state and social order. No longer was the world constructed as the somewhat simple Ptolemaic Model suggested. The Earth for the first time became explicable and was no longer the center of the universe. Many beliefs that had been held for hundreds of years now proved to be†¦show more content†¦The statement acts to justify his finding with the church and connect them to God. Copernicus realized that the church would be quick to judge him, and possibly this is why he didn’t publish his theories until late in his life. His discoveries were not so much as important as were his methods of observation and application of mathematics to explain the world. His methods of discovery helped model the direction of science over the next hundred years. Another important figure in the Scientific Revolution was Galileo Galilei. He was an Italian born professor of mathematics who had a great interest in the workings of the universe. Galileo served as a professor at the University of Padua, and it was during this time that he began to question the accuracy of the Churches representation of the world. Galileo’s approach towards knowledge was much different then the afore mentioned Copernicus. Where as Copernicus presented his finding to the mercy of the church, Galileo wrote his conclusions and left the Roman Catholic Church interpret them as they chose. The very nature of his findings pitted him as an opponent of the church. The Earth was not the center of the universe. Galileo had seen far into the heavens with the telescope he had designed and created an even more accurate mold of the universe. He trumpeted his views everywhere, and condemned anyone whoShow MoreRelatedThe Scientific Revolution1531 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book â€Å" The Scientific Revolution: A Very Short Introduction†, Lawrence Principe discusses the general occurring events of the scientific revolution, and overviews various in-depth details in relation to those events. People at the time highly focused on the meanings and causes of their surrounds, as their motive was to â€Å"control, improve and exploit† (Principe 2) the world. In his work, Principe has successfully supported the notion that the Scientific Revolution stood as a period in time whereRead MoreScientific Discoveries Of The Scientific Revolution1548 Words   |  7 PagesScientific Revolution The Scientific Revolution refers to a time in history when developments in the sciences took off and changed the view of society regarding the earth and nature. Some of the relevant topics of this time were mathematics, astronomy, biology, physics and chemistry. Typically, the scientific revolution is considered the time in Europe starting around the end of the Renaissance period and lasting through the late 18th century. Between 1543 and 1700, Europe underwent many changesRead MoreThe Scientific Revolution And Enlightenment1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment, which spanned from the late 1500’s to 1700’s, shaped today’s modern world through disregarding past information and seeking answers on their own through the scientific method and other techniques created during the Enlightenment. Newton’s ‘Philsophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica’ and Diderot’s Encyclopedia were both composed of characteristi cs that developed this time period through the desire to understand all life, humans are capable of understandingRead MoreEssay on The Scientific Revolution1263 Words   |  6 Pagesadvances. The Scientific Revolution began with a spark of inspiration that spread a wild fire of ideas through Europe and America. The new radical ideas affected everything that had been established and proven through religious views. The scientific revolution was more radical and innovative than any of the political revolutions of the seventeenth century.1 All of the advances that were made during this revolutionary time can be attributed to the founders of the Scientific Revolution. The revolutionRead MoreThe Scientific Revolution And The Enlightenment1528 Words   |  7 Pagessecularism to better themselves and understand the universe. As the sciences became more popular, skepticism about religious grew. A significant root of the Enlightenment was the Scientific Revolution (1500-1700) which pressed the use of reasoning, inquiry, and scientific method in order to arrive that the truth. The scientific revolution was an attempt to better understand our world through the use of reason and logic. It was characterized by numerous achievement including the shift from a geocentric (Earth-centered)Read MoreEssay on The Scientific Revolution1344 Words   |  6 PagesIn the centuries preceding the Scientific Revolution people attempted to understand natural phenomena through the lenses of doctrine and philosophical speculation. Scientists were content with to rely on a synthesis of Aristotelian framework and dogma in attempt to describe the world. During the Scientific Revolution scientists began to embrace empiricism as a way to better understand the intricacies of nature. Unlike today scientists during the Scientific Revolution didn’t see a dichotomy betweenRead MoreThe Scientific Revolution and Its Impact1291 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout the Scientific Revolution, scientists and natural philosophers created a new scientific world by questioning popular ideas and constructing original models. During the 1500s and 1600s, the concept of individualism, the principle of being independent and self-reliant, began to be applied to one’s life. People began to have individual thoughts and started to disagree with commonly believed ideas promoted by the Church. As this way of thinking expanded throughout Europe, scientists lookedRead MoreThe Scientific Revolution Essay1165 Words   |  5 PagesThe Scientific Revolution When comparing the views presented by both Aristotle and Copernicus, one must consider the circumstances under which these men lived to understand the differences. The most obvious of these is the time in history. Aristotle came almost 2000 years earlier in the astronomy field. While Copernicus had set out to glorify the great religion of his time, Aristotles views came 200 years before Christ was even born! Although the book gives the impression nothing of significanceRead MoreThe Scientific Revolution Of The Human History Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pages Scientific Revolution: An Important Event in the Human History The moments when I write these words are history, so we could say history deals with the past. However, the past has not passed completely. The future will also be history. History is a very dynamic notion and concept. What is history is really hard to define. Change is central to history. Yet, history is not only about details. There are certain things that demonstrate true history. These events have varied in time and space. AmongRead MoreThe Effects of the Scientific Revolution Essay1346 Words   |  6 PagesHistory 208 Primary Source Paper â€Å"Scientific Revolution† 2.24.11 Nicholas Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, Francis Bacon and Joseph Needham. According to some excerpts from â€Å"Why Europe?† by Jack Gladstone and â€Å"China, Technology and Change† by Lynda Norene Shaffer, the work of these notable men can be traced back to having a significant role in the scientific focus of modern society, or what we now know to be the â€Å"Scientific Revolution† of the seventeenth century. In a world where

History of Movies - 1050 Words

Movies are a great way to take a break from your hectic life and just relax. They have been entertaining everyone around the world since the mid 1800’s. The first â€Å"movies† were plays, shows, and musicals. People enjoyed watching these in their free time, but Eadweard Muybridge was the first person to think about putting pictures in motion to make a story. The evolution of the movie went from black and white pictures, to color, sound and finally to 3-D film. So, just think about trying to create the 3D effect or even how movies were created. Directors, artists, and inventors took hundreds of years to create the very first movie, which captured pictures in a fluid motion. It only lasted ten seconds. Eadweard Muybridge was the director who made the first movie in 1878, The Horse in Motion. He used multiple cameras and put the individual pictures of a galloping horse into a movie. Muybridge also invented the Zoopraxiscope, the first ever movie projector that made short films and movies. It was able to quickly project images, creating what is known as motion photography, and the first movie to ever exist. To use the Zoopraxiscope, a disc is put on the device and is turned. As the disc turns, the images are projected onto the screen and the movie starts playing. George Eastman and William H. Walker invented the first reel of film in 1885. It was sensitized paper with a gelatin emulsion and was soon replaced by a plastic material. Thomas Edison and his assistant,Show MoreRelatedHistory Through Music And Movies1597 Words   |  7 PagesCarlie Nelson History through Music and Movies Tuesday/Thursday 10:00 - 11:15 a.m. ideas to follow: youth vs. the world/ youth vs. adults The Youth Vs The World The Treasure Island movies can be utilized in order to view the youth s stance compared to adults during their respective time period. Treasure Island, a book created by Robert Louis Stevenson, depicts the story of a young boy who suddenly finds himself on a wild adventure after acquiring a treasure map. Jim and his new shipmates discoverRead MoreDisney Movies Throughout American History1266 Words   |  6 PagesDisney Movies Throughout American History Presented to Mr.Hyatt Presented by Seanita Caim Disney has been involved in the lives of millions of Americans since the early 1920s and even now, continues to touch the hearts of each new generation. What started as a simple and humble cartoon studio grew into a world-wide known enterprise. Disney brought comfort to the United States post WWII and has been a staple in households across America for children everywhere. It is not uncommonRead MoreThe Banning Of Movies On Lgbt, Religion, Laws, And History1532 Words   |  7 Pages The recent banning of movies with the reason of them containing homosexual contents have started a wave of ridicule of authorities and their justification. Over the years, several movies were banned in the United States for the same reason as well. Such examples include American Beauty, But I’m a Cheerleader, Rent, Brokeback Mountain, and Bruno. Besides movies, anything and everything else on the media have been closely monitored by the authorities. Authorities in certain countries, especiallyRead MoreHorror Movies Have Been Knowing Along With Human History.1802 Words   |  8 Pages Horror movies have been knowing along with human history. It is one of the best-known genres that supports the deep down audience’s horror demand that has changed in almost every era. The terrify and scary story become more for entertain than scare people. This essay will discuss about the studying of movie genres and look more specially at Horrors movies which have always been changed during time with new style and technical stuffs to attract audience’s demand. The horror movie is one ofRead MoreA History of American Movies in Martin Scorsese’s A Personal Journey through American Films685 Words   |  3 PagesMartin Scorsese’s â€Å"A Personal Journey through American Film† is a summary and analysis of the history of American Movies. A legendary filmmaker in his own right, Scorsese highlights not only the hits but also the lesser known but revolutionary titles. His analysis is clearly from a director’s point of view, which gives it an interesting and novel perspective. After a brief introduction, Scorsese highlights what he calls â€Å"the director’s dilemma.† A good director, he says, is able to balance his orRead MoreThe Movie The Warlords Essay1634 Words   |  7 PagesThe several movies portrayed in this course were very helpful in understanding Asian history. In my opinion, these movies were helpful in the way that they introduced the fundamental basic history about how the wars shaped the outcome of Korea and China. These movies were helpful because they provided an overall consideration of the different perspectives of the wars. In the movie The Warlords, we gained knowledge about the Manchu government’s perspective and in the movie The Front Line, we gainedRead MoreHow The Silver Screen Affects Women s Fashion Trends?1495 Words   |  6 PagesWomen’s Fashion Trends? Today/Throughout History? Silver screen has the capacity to make not just a star of its leading women, but a fashion icon too. From Audrey Hepburn and Grace Kelly to Julia Roberts and Keira Knightley, via Mia Farrow and Catherine Deneuve, some of Hollywood s most successful stars owe a lot to their on-screen style. Moreover, during the 21st century, movies have been a powerful media in which to influence people’s style.   Movies gave society a great way to see vintageRead MoreThe Invention Of The First Rotating Camera1216 Words   |  5 Pagesuntil after 1927. What started out as a novelty is now a huge industry. Panning shots came about with the invention of the first rotating camera in 1897. Most films during these early years were called chase films. Starting in 1899, animation in movies was born. The first feature length film was a 1906 Australian production. It wasn’t until about 1910, that actors would receive screen credit for having appeared in a film. From 1910, the Amer ican films had the greatest share of the market in allRead More Gender and Movie Selection Essay example1449 Words   |  6 PagesSelection Introduction: A very diverse, broad, and extensive industry is the filmmaking industry. However, the unique aspect of the industry is that it is so expansive in all of the different categories and types of movies, but yet each film is individualized. A certain characteristic of a movie may appeal to one person and not another. Such characteristics may not only appeal to an individual but to a certain group of people. Could it be that characteristics ofRead MoreA Interview About Chinese During The World War II866 Words   |  4 Pagesborn in 1935 before the World War II and grows up in an instable time era. During this time the economy of China is in a low level and compare to another country that is lag behind. Due to the history in China, the play is much popular than the movies, so there is not much chance for him to watch the movies before 1955. Also, the countryside that he was lived doesn’t even have the electricity at that time. After he leave home and jo ins the army in 1955, he got a lot of chance to watch the film for

RTI and Disporportionality in Special Education Essay

Disproportionality, in special education, is the overrepresentation or under-representation of a particular population or demographic group relative to their presence in the overall student population (Ralabate, Klotz, 2007). There are many factors thought to contribute to disproportionality: cultural differences, lack of appropriate assessment strategies, socioeconomic status, race, and gender (Kanaitsa, 2010). Cultural differences pose several barriers for students and may impair their opportunity to learn. These barriers are created by differences in language expression, communication style, preferred learning style, gender-role customs and behaviors, and limited parental involvement due to these cultural or socioeconomic barriers†¦show more content†¦There are a few ways to try and minimize the label of disability placed unjustly on students due to diversity. When compiling individual assessments more extensive background information needs to be gathered pertaining to school attendance, family structure, cultural beliefs, household changes and moves, and medical, developmental, and educational histories (Ralabate, Klotz, 2007). If there is a possible language barrier then a dual language assessment evaluation should be given. Also included in an individualized comprehensive evaluation is how a student responds to scientific evidence-based interventions. Scientific evidence-based interventions are generally assessed through a response to intervention (RTI). The RTI approach can potentially cross over cultural, socioeconomic, and linguistic barriers by assessing each student as an individual. Response to intervention should emphasize how well students respond to changes in instruction rather than what is considered the norm for the society they live in (Klotz, Canter, 2007). These changes, or lack thereof, in a student’s progress are measured, and modifications to instruction are implemented in the RTI model. This model has multiple tiers of intense scientific, research-based interventions that increase, or decrease due to a student’s need. In a three tier RTI model every

Affirmative Action Equality for All Essay - 1741 Words

Affirmative Action: Equality for All? Affirmative action in the United States has become a misused and misguided practice in modern times. In the current form of affirmative action, it is impossible to create a truly equal society. It was originally used as an equal opportunity measure to allow qualified minorities into positions they were denied because of race. However, affirmative action has become a system of racial quotas that lowers standards for minority applicants in order to give them a chance to succeed in universities, jobs, and leadership positions. At first, it may not seem like such a bad idea to have racial quotas because it increases diversity. But with racial quotas qualified applicants to universities, jobs, etc†¦show more content†¦The case of Barbara Grutter vs. University of Michigan Law School is a real life example of affirmative action’s reverse discrimination. Grutter applied to University of Michigan Law School with a 3.81 GPA and a Law School Admission Test score of 161. While a ll black students with similar scores were accepted, she was denied, along with 90% of white students scoring in her range. When applying to University of Michigan black and hispanic students were more likely to be accepted than white students with similar academic backgrounds (Pearson 15). This use of affirmative is completely unethical. According to Kant’s first categorical imperative â€Å"act as though your actions will become universal law†, the use of reverse discrimination within preferential treatment in affirmative action is unethical. If we say that it is ok for some students to receive preferential treatment based on race then we are telling society that it is ok to use race-based preferential treatment in all circumstances. We are also allowing discrimination. If we lived in a society where everyone practiced race-based preferential treatment then it would create an unfair society where we just use race and not credentials to determine whether people are qu alified for positions. This would be an unfair world that people would not want to live in. Affirmative action also lowers standards for minorities. Affirmative action is implemented byShow MoreRelatedAffirmative Action As A Blender, Creating Equality For All People2610 Words   |  11 PagesAmerica has the nickname of â€Å"The Melting Pot,† but melting implies no boundaries. In the U.S., many boundaries between different ethnicities, religions, and minorities still exist. The concept of affirmative action is to act as a blender, creating equality for all people. Affirmative action is encouraged in many different business sectors by the government. Some examples include the Department of Defense strives to award five percent of contracts to minority businesses and institutions, federal homeRead MoreEssay on Affirmative Action and Racial Equality 1467 Words   |  6 Pages Affirmative Action and Racial Equality (1) Issue Identification Many individuals do not know the meaning of the term â€Å"affirmative action.† In order to clearly understand the issue, one must first know the necessary terms associated with it. Affirmative action is a term given to an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination (i.e. African Americans, Asians, etc.). For example, certain scholarships for African Americans can be regarded as affirmative action opportunitiesRead MoreArgumentative Essay - Affirmative Action1148 Words   |  5 Pagessocial policy known as affirmative action, the answer becomes unclear. Affirmative action is a product of the civil rights era, that time from the late 1950s through the 1960s when African Americans fought to live as equal citizens in the country of their birth (Maltz, Leora, 2005). After the United States Congress passed the Civil Rights Act in 1964, it became apparent that certain business traditions, such as seniority status and aptitude tests, prevented total equ ality in employment. PresidentRead MoreEssay on We Still Need Affirmative Action512 Words   |  3 Pagesmovement shifted from the traditional aim of equality of opportunity through nondiscrimination alone to affirmative action to establish ‘goals and timetables’ to achieve absolute equality between blacks and whites† (Dye 253). These goals and timetables were cemented with Executive Order No. 11246, issued by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965. This order is commonly referred to as the foundation for modern-day affirmative action programs. Today, affirmative action is a very controversial subject, withRead MoreEssay on Affirmative Action863 Words   |  4 Pagesup and live out the true meaning of its creed. We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.quot; - Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (6). Dr. King stated this in his famous â€Å"I have a Dreamquot; speech in Washington, D.C. in 1963. Is affirmative action still needed in Amer ica? Affirmative action is still needed because America does not have enough equality and diversity. Almost all of our American history dealt with inequality between the white men and the black men. As timeRead MoreAffirmative Action Policies Should Be Implemented891 Words   |  4 PagesAffirmative Action Policies Should be Implemented Affirmative action policies should be implemented to improve to help propel the company forward. Affirmative action can be a useful tool to help create diversity in the workplace. Implementing affirmative action policies will encourage growth in the company because we will be able to effectively select and hire people, not on the basis of race but on actual qualifications that make a person suitable for a position in the company. Affirmative actionRead MoreCivil Liberties and Civil Rights722 Words   |  3 PagesBill of Rights did not convey anything about equality aside from that all Americans are entitled to due process in court. The word â€Å"equality† for instance does not even appear in the Constitution. Thus the topic of equality and civil rights is a grey area that is not clearly defined or understood. Prior to the Civil War, the inequality of African Americans and women for example were easily apparent. African Americans lived as slaves and had no rights at all and were claimed by some in court cases thatRead MoreImagine A Student Named Billy Is Applying For A Scholarship.1001 Words   |  5 Pagesdidn’t. The answer is affirmative action. Affirmative action is an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, and it is an outdated program that is creating unequal opportunities for non-diverse people. The history of affirmative action goes back farther than one might think. Affirmative action is not a new concept. It has been around since the 1961 when President John F. Kennedy signed an executive order that told employers to take â€Å"affirmative action to ensure that applicantsRead MoreAffirmative Action : How It Impacted The American Society Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract There are many supporters and opponents of Affirmative Action. The focus of Affirmative action is meant to be an attempt at equality throughout society. Every sector in America would be equal and unprejudiced. On the other hand, adopting affirmative action would force many employers to replace hard-working employees with those possibly less qualified simply due to their gender or ethnicity. Throughout history, people have been categorized into different groups. These groupings were basedRead MoreAffermative Action1316 Words   |  6 PagesBy: Elissa Thomas E-mail: elissa@usais.net Affirmative Action Affirmative Action efforts were started in 1964 to end the long history of overlooking qualified people of color and women from higher education. Affirmative Action sets standards for a business or office of admissions, so that a white man does not have the upper-hand over an equally or greater educated minority. The initial way the government tried to justify Affirmative Action was to develop a human resource approach: first identifying

Global Structure for Social and Political Change - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theGlobal Structure for Social and Political Change. Answer: The role of the internet in generating social and political change In a systematic study, Butsch (2007) points out that with the advancement of new technology, the internet and specifically social media is adopted for different uses in both political and social platforms. Online money-bombs, virtual petitions, forums for debating issues, and emails for recruitments for protests and meetings are all strategies adopted by political activists in engaging the citizen with the aim of influencing various political processes. Eltantawy and Wiest (2007) also denote that social movements across the political arena are among technological platforms adopted in effecting change while influencing party politics. However, little is known on how what difference it makes or how it is used to achieve the projected results. Internet or social media is used to overcome obstactacles to social and political participation Leenders and Heydemann (2012). For instance, online groups overcome challenges like time constrains, low income, and lack of skills within the participants. Online movements allow people to choose what and when to click without any charge on membership dues. It hence encourages participation with the aim of allowing the participants to share opinions, keep informed, donate finances, and sign petitions. Hawkins (2013) also denotes that successful online political or social groups use networking and internet communication in teaching the support on new skills hence getting them involved in the real world. The strategy as well allows the use of actions models in disseminating information and get in touch with other social or political supporters. Effective political groups also adopt technology use to engage the public in getting decision making support. For instance, hosting forums for discu ssion and asking participants to give their opinions about highlighted issues sustains support for the course as the members will see the organization as responsive and democratic to their feedback. Social media is also used to help movements to downplay controversies while stressing on big ideas according to Butsch (2007). Rather than promoting detailed platforms on specialized causes, internet savvy political activists in focusing to sell big ideas that can promote change to the world. In such cases, they get chances of stressing themes that can unify rather than divide people from various backgrounds. In other words, successful social movements avoid issues that can divide supporters as they manage what is featured in their message. They hence adopt priorities that unite supporters while learning what might reduce enthusiasm. Hawkins (2013) also denotes that the ability of social media in leveraging internet communication strategies with effectiveness help in changing dynamics between political parties and movements. Political and social movements have always pressured parties while internet movements have quick and heavy impacts. As a result, savvy movement use earned media, advertising, and viral campaigns in building support for their issues while forcing political parties to take up their cause. Other parties also use social media as platforms for raising financial support for their activities, an aspect that has been seen to be successful as long as there is a will of the people towards achieving the same objective. In conclusion, internet and social media can effectively be use in promoting both social and political change in the community. Effect of Environmental Justice Movement on the Social Change According to Refle (2015) social movements are groups of people organized with a purpose of working towards a specified goal like creating a change, resist a change or to offering a global voice as a result, the social movements always create social change among the individuals. Miladi (2016) defines social change as significant alterations on behavioral patterns and culture on a specific group of people for a given period as a result of a social movement. The most common social movements include Brights Movement, environmental Justice Movement, and many others. The paper examines how the Environmental Justice movement has affected the social change and how its elements incorporated into the mainstream of politics and culture. Environmental justice movements formed in United States, with a purpose of improving and maintain an environment that is clean and healthful through reducing the pollutions since human and environment affect each other. Banerjee (2013) explains that the movement championed by African-Americans, Latinos, Asians and Native Americans that lived in the polluted environment as a result of frequent hazardous dumps of waste on their ecology, that thereafter perceived as a form of environmental racism. The occupants characterized by their frequent protestations against the government that led to a number of violence and destructions of properties. Environmental justice movement has gained momentum and brought different social changes across the world through giving voice to those that lived in the most damaged and polluted lands to air their grievances resulting into more communal solidarity. The continual fight for clean environments, reduction on the loss of lives and address on abuses on land dispossession. Hawkins (2013) observes that the social movement improved both the economic and human rights of the victims that lived in those polluted and damaged lands globally as the movements are connected. The campaign has formed a vast continuum of activism passed from one individual to another through different generations that adopt different styles, organizational structure, and policies to achieve. The environmental movement has dominated in some legal issues and debates that have seen the formation of many policies and bill of rights and global activists to protect the social justice and nature according to Jamison (2010). The bills and acts have seen the reclamation of lands exhausted through mining of mineral resources, the provision of title deeds to the blacks and climate change. As a result, the occupants have learned and adopted one another living with respect. The policies have also to some extent changed the culture of some communities such as the Anglo-Saxon, the Zulus, known for their hunting and fishing activities restricted by the anti-gaming policies. Such policies have forced the communities to change their cultural events such as wearing animal skins, to wearing clothes and to other economic activities that do not affect the environment as explained by Welstead (2017). Most of the countries have recognized the formally formed social movements that are legitimate and offered various supports such as resources and legal protections; therefore it has moved from a more mobilizing agent for populist protest to a more goal-oriented professional organization. References Banerjee, D. (2013). Environmental Justice and the State: Expert Knowledge and Local Discourses in an Environmental Justice Movement. Environmental Justice, 6(5), 183-187. https://dx.doi.org/10.1089/env.2013.0025 Butsch, R. (ed.). 2007. Media and public spheres. Basingstoke, UK. Eltantawy, N, Wiest, J B. (2007). Social Media in the Egyptian Revolution: Reconsidering Resource Mobilization Theory. Journal of Communication 5:1207-1224. Jamison, A. (2010). Climate change knowledge and social movement theory. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 1(6), 811-823. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcc.88 Leenders, R, Heydemann, S. (2012). Popular Mobilization in Syria: Opportunity and Threat, and the Social Networks of the Early Risers. Mediterranean Politics, 17(2), pp139-59 Miladi, N. (2016). Social Media and Social Change. Digest Of Middle East Studies, 25(1), 36-51. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dome.12082 Refle, J. (2015). What is a Social Movement?. Social Movement Studies, 15(2), 244-245. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2015.1027765 Welstead, J. (2017). How climate change comes to matter; the communal life of facts. Social Movement Studies, 16(3), 370-371. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2017.1279961

Disagreements Often Articulated With Higher Authority-Free Samples

Question: How Disagreements Often Articulated With Higher Authority? Answer: Introducation The present paper would highlight high power distance and low power distance between two countries Greece and Brunei. It would also bring into limelight the decision making styles of the countries. The concept of power distance is an important one in the context of cross-cultural communication. Power distance refers to the process through which power is distributed and the limit to which the less powerful accept the fact that there is an inequal distribution of power. In a simpler manner, some cultures widely accept that there is a strong prevalence of unequal power distribution in comparison to other cultures where such acceptance is not found. When there is high power distance culture, the relationship existing between higher authority and the lower authority is highly dependent in nature. In contrast, when there is low power distance culture, the relationship existing between the higher authority and lower authority is of interdependence (Rallapalli and Montgomery 2015). Greece has a score of Power Distance Score of 60 which is an intermediate score. However, it indicates aa slight potential to be on the higher side of the index. This implies that the Greek society has the belief that hierarchy is to be respected and it is justified to have inequalities among the people. This form of distribution of power indicates that those who hold power have more benefits in comparison to those who have less power in the society. In Greece, it is significant to show respect to elders and higher authorities. It is to be mentioned in here that the Greek culture has the firm belief that status is the symbol of power and it is important in light of decision making within a society. Social position determines the decision making process and the manner in which decisions are communicated within the society. However, in Greece, there is a wide presence of decentralised, looser hierarchies, leading to an intermediate power distance score. In organisations, the decisions of the leaders are often questioned. It is at times difficult to dictate the responsibilities to the subordinates. Disagreements are often articulated with the higher authority as the subordinates do not fear the results of engaging in a conflict (Yang et al. 2016). In contrast, Brunei has a very high Power Distance Score of 78. The straight forward implication for this is that Brunei societies largely embrace inequality in the common hierarchical order. The meaning is that the societies identify power bases on their formal position and consider them as an unequal partner between subordinates and managers. This is a convincing position since societies believing in power distances considers the person is holding power to have the sole right to judge between what is right and what is wrong. In Brunei, younger generations are to respect the elders that are more perceived as teacher-centred education since the government provides free eduction to the children apart from the private education institutes. Coming to the work culture, the person holding a higher job title is to be given high respect since power is in their hand. There is always an emphasis on the significance of respect within the culture of this country. The decision can only be made b y those who have higher authoritative power. The number of supervisors or leaders are more, and there is an absence of willingness to trust the subordinates. In the case of any fault, the blame is often put on the subordinates and conflict resolution is often a difficult task. This is due to the preconceived notion that authority and power are the prime facts of life. The culture, therefore, both unconsciously as well as consciously, teach the people that equality can never be achieved within a society and that authority of vertical arrangements for making decisions needs to be followed by all (Hofstede 2013). References Hofstede, G., 2013. Hierarchical power distance in forty countries.Organizations Alike and Unlike, ed. CJ Lammers and DJ Hickson (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1979), pp.97-119. Rallapalli, K.C. and Montgomery, C.D., 2015. Marketing Strategies For Asian-Americans: Guidelines Based on Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions. InMinority Marketing: Research Perspectives for the 1990s(pp. 73-77). Springer International Publishing. Yang, G., Hsu, D., Haas, A. and Steinberg, H., 2016, October. Entrepreneurial customer service, cultural differences, the big 5 in China, Greece, Japan, the United States. InAcademy of Entrepreneurship(p. 23).